MBSE Class 12th Biology Syllabus 2024-2025 PDF:- Download Online

Name of the Board

MBSE

Name of the Grade

12

Subjects

Biology

Year

2024-2025

Format

PDF/DOC

Provider

hsslive.co.in

Official Website

mbose.in

• Reproduction in Organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species, Modes of reproduction – asexual and sexual reproduction, Asexual reproduction – binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation, Vegetative propagation in plants, Events in sexual reproduction
• Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: Flower structure, Development of male and female gametophytes, Pollination – types, agencies, and examples, Outbreeding devices, Pollen-pistil interaction, Double fertilisation, Post fertilisation events – development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit, Special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony, Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems, Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary, Gametogenesis – spermatogenesis and oogenesis, Menstrual cycle, Fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea), Parturition (elementary idea), Lactation (elementary idea).
• Reproductive Health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Birth control – need and methods, Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), Amniocentesis, Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, AI (brief overview).

• Principles of Inheritance and Variation: Heredity and variation, Mendelian inheritance, Deviations from Mendelism – incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy, Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance, Chromosome theory of inheritance, Chromosomes, and genes, Linkage and crossing over, Sex determination – in human beings, birds, grasshopper and honey bee, Mutation, Pedigree analysis, Sex-linked inheritance – haemophilia, colour blindness, Mendelian disorders in humans –sickle cell anaemia, Phenylketonuria, thalassemia, Chromosomal disorders in humans, Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
• Molecular Basis of Inheritance: Structure of DNA and RNA, DNA packaging, Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material, DNA replication, Central Dogma, Transcription, genetic code, translation, Gene expression and regulation – lac operon, Human genome project, DNA fingerprinting.
• Evolution: Origin of life, Biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution (palaeontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence), Adaptive radiation, Biological evolution: Lamarck’s theory of use and disuse of organs, Darwin’s theory of evolution, Mechanism of evolution – variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection, Gene flow and genetic drift, Hardy – Weinberg’s principle, A brief account of evolution, Human evolution.

• Human Health and Diseases: Pathogens, Parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm) and their control, Basic concepts of immunology – vaccines, Cancer, HIV and AIDS, Adolescence – drug and alcohol abuse.
• Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production: Animal husbandry, Plant breeding, Tissue culture, Single-cell protein.
• Microbes in Human Welfare: Microbes in food processing, industrial production, Antibiotics, Production and judicious use, sewage treatment, energy generation, and microbes as biocontrol agents and bio-fertilizers.

• Biotechnology – Principles and Processes, Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology)
• Biotechnology and its Application: Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture, Genetically modified organisms – Bt Crops, RNA interference, Human insulin, gene therapy, Molecular diagnosis, Transgenic animals, Biosafety issues, biopiracy and patents.

• Organisms and Populations: Organisms and environment, Habitat and niche, abiotic factors, ecological adaptations, Population interactions – mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism, commensalism, Population attributes – growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
• Ecosystem: Ecosystem: Structure and function, Productivity and decomposition, Energy flow, Pyramids of number, biomass, energy, Nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous), Ecological succession, Ecological services – carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief).
• Biodiversity and Conservation: Biodiversity – Concept, levels, patterns, importance, Loss of biodiversity, Biodiversity conservation, Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, Sacred Groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries, and Ramsar sites.
• Environmental Issues: Air pollution and its control, Water pollution and its control, Agrochemicals and their effects, Solid waste management, Radioactive waste management, Greenhouse effect, and climate change impact and mitigation, Ozone layer depletion, Deforestation, Case study exemplifying success story addressing the environmental issue(s).